As the United States prepares for President Donald Trump’s second term, the Mexican government has once again reaffirmed its determination to manage migration flows at the country’s northern border. On Friday, November 8, 2024, Mexico’s Foreign Minister Juan Ramon de la Fuente highlighted the administration’s success in reducing migrant crossings, pledging to continue these measures. His remarks came just days after Trump’s re-election and his renewed threats regarding strict policies aimed at curbing illegal immigration.
Emphasizing Mexico’s commitment to maintaining its migration model, de la Fuente referred to U.S. border enforcement data showing a 76% decrease in migrant arrests since December of the the previous year. “This model is working well, and we will continue to move forward with it,” he stated. Mexico’s strategy involves transporting non-Mexican migrants by bus or plane to the country’s southern regions and intensifying control over its southern border, despite its continued adherence to a humane migration policy.
The minister’s reassurance came during a joint press conference with President Claudia Sheinbaum, following their first meeting with President Trump after his electoral victory. In what Sheinbaum described as an “extremely sincere” discussion, concerns about border security were addressed. Trump reiterated his hardline stance, a hallmark of his previous presidency, pressuring Mexico to control migration or face economic repercussions.[1]
While Trump’s rhetoric may seem familiar, his threats carry significant economic implications for Mexico. He has once again floated the idea of imposing a 25% tariff on all Mexican exports if the country fails to curb the flow of migrants and drugs across the U.S.-Mexico border. Mexico’s economy is heavily reliant on exports to the U.S., which account for approximately 80% of its total trade. This vulnerability forces the Mexican government to balance its humanitarian goals with the pressure of potential sanctions, compelling Mexico to take Trump’s demands seriously.
President Claudia Sheinbaum, a prominent political figure known for her progressive ideals, defends Mexico’s approach to migration by prioritizing the welfare and human rights of migrants. Sheinbaum stated, “We aim not only to halt migration in the south but also to provide employment,” emphasizing efforts to address the root causes of migration, such as poverty and lack of opportunities. Under her leadership, the focus has been on creating jobs and improving the quality of life for migrants who choose to remain in Mexico. [2]
However, on-the-ground practices have revealed a harsher reality that contradicts these objectives. Since the beginning of the year, Mexico has been increasing migration control measures under pressure from the Biden administration. These actions have sparked criticism from human rights advocates, who argue that they conflict with the government’s stated humanitarian goals.
As Trump prepares to return to office with promises of tough border security measures, Mexico stands at a critical juncture. Managing its relationship with the U.S. while upholding its humanitarian concerns for migrants is now more urgent than ever. Mexico must navigate these challenges while attempting to avoid economic retaliation from the U.S. and maintain its image as a defender of human rights, a task that will repeatedly test President Sheinbaum’s diplomatic skills.[3]
Observers and experts acknowledge that Mexico’s current strategy faces limitations, particularly under external pressure. Migration experts warn that security measures, if prioritized over long-term solutions, may lead to lasting social and economic consequences both within Mexico and beyond. The coming years will reveal whether Mexico can preserve its humanitarian goals or be forced to align more closely with Trump’s uncompromising demands. For now, the future of Mexico’s border and migration policies remains uncertain as negotiations between the two countries continue.
In conclusion, under President Claudia Sheinbaum’s leadership, the Mexican government is striving to strike a difficult balance between humanitarian policies that prioritize the welfare of migrants and the economic and diplomatic pressures it faces. The intensifying pressure from Trump’s re-election makes it essential for Mexico to reassess its relations with the U.S. and revise its strategies. Human rights advocates worry that this process could lead to further humanitarian crises. Whether Mexico can continue to protect migrant rights while safeguarding its national interests will be a defining factor in the policies and international relations of the coming years. The extent to which promises to improve migrants’ employment and living conditions will be realized will have lasting effects on both Mexico and the region’s social fabric.
[1] “Mexico to stick with policies aimed at stopping migrants after Trump win”, Reuters, https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mexico-stick-with-policies-aimed-stopping-migrants-after-trump-win-2024-11-08/, (Access Date: 10.11.2024)
[2] Ibid.
[3] “What We Don’t Know About Mexico’s Efforts to Stop Migrants”, DC Report, https://t.ly/1yOhZ, (Access Date: 10.11.2024).
